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The historic (NETmundial meeting ) held in São Paulo, Brazil, in April 2014, which brought together 1,480 stakeholders from 97 countries, provided a reference for governments, private sector, civil society, technical community and academia from around the world to address Internet governance challenges. Its concluding, non-binding, (Multistakeholder Statement ) contained a shared set of Principles and a Roadmap to guide the evolution of Internet cooperation and governance. Many parties to these historic discussions sought to carry forward the cooperative spirit forged in São Paulo and work together to apply the NETmundial Principles to address Internet issues in concrete ways through the (NETmundial Initiative (NMI) ). The mission of NMI is to provide a platform that helps catalyze practical cooperation between all stakeholders in order to address Internet issues and advance the implementation of the NETmundial Principles and Roadmap. NMI was launched in on 6 November 2014 in a partnership between the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), the (Brazilian Internet Steering Committee ) (CGI.br), and the World Economic Forum (WEF). Its (inaugural Coordination Council ) consists of 23 members representing a broad and diverse set of stakeholders from across 4 regions and 5 geographies. ==Background== The internet operates without a central governing body with each component network enforcing its own technical standards and content policies, constrained by the fact that if the technical standards of a network are too different it will not be able to connect with the rest of the internet. However, to help ensure interoperability, several key technical and policy aspects of the underlying core infrastructure and the principal namespaces are administered by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), which is headquartered in Los Angeles, California. ICANN oversees the assignment of globally unique identifiers on the Internet, including domain names, Internet Protocol addresses, application port numbers in the transport protocols, and many other parameters. The National Telecommunications and Information Administration, an agency of the U.S. Department of Commerce, has final approval over changes to the DNS root zone.〔 〕〔 〕 This authority over the root zone file makes ICANN one of a few bodies with global, centralized control over the otherwise decentralized Internet.〔 〕 The U.S. Department of Commerce can unilaterally terminate the Affirmation of Commitments with ICANN,〔 〕 thus giving the U.S. government ultimate control over those aspects of the Internet that are managed by ICAAN.〔 〕 The position of the U.S. Department of Commerce as the controller of some aspects of the Internet attracted criticism from those who felt that control should be more international, especially after the Bush administration intervened to kill the .xxx top-level domain proposal.〔 〕 There were suggestions that individual governments should have more control, or that the International Telecommunication Union or the United Nations should have a function in Internet governance.〔 〕 The NetMundial Initiative was created in an attempt address these concerns. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「NetMundial Initiative」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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